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Hitopadesha [sanskrit]
8,857 words
The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.
Verse 2.153
को ऽर्थान् प्राप्य न गर्वितो विषयिणः कस्यापदो ऽस्तं गताः स्त्रीभिः कस्य न खण्डितं भुवि मनः को वास्ति राज्ञां प्रिया ।
कः कालस्य भुजान्तरं न च गतः को ऽर्थी गतो गौरवं को वा दुर्जन-वागुरासु पतितः क्षेमेण यातः पुमान् ॥ १५३ ॥
ko 'rthān prāpya na garvito viṣayiṇaḥ kasyāpado 'staṃ gatāḥ strībhiḥ kasya na khaṇḍitaṃ bhuvi manaḥ ko vāsti rājñāṃ priyā |
kaḥ kālasya bhujāntaraṃ na ca gataḥ ko 'rthī gato gauravaṃ ko vā durjana-vāgurāsu patitaḥ kṣemeṇa yātaḥ pumān || 153 ||
The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 2.153 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:
Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (2.153). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.
Kah, Artha, Prapya, Garvita, Vishayin, Vishayi, Kim, Apad, Apada, Astam, Asta, Gata, Stri, Khandita, Bhu, Mana, Manas, Asti, Rajan, Pri, Priya, Kala, Kalasya, Bhujantara, Gat, Arthin, Arthi, Gaurava, Var, Durjana, Vagura, Patita, Kshemena, Kshema, Yat, Yata, Yatri, Pums,
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 2.153). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “ko 'rthān prāpya na garvito viṣayiṇaḥ kasyāpado 'staṃ gatāḥ strībhiḥ kasya na khaṇḍitaṃ bhuvi manaḥ ko vāsti rājñāṃ priyā ”
- ko' -
-
kaḥ (indeclinable interrogative)[indeclinable interrogative]ku (noun, feminine)[vocative single]ka (noun, masculine)[nominative single]kaḥ (pronoun, masculine)[nominative single]
- arthān -
-
artha (noun, masculine)[accusative plural]
- prāpya -
-
prāpya (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]prāpya (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- na -
-
na (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]na (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]na (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- garvito* -
-
garvita (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- viṣayiṇaḥ -
-
viṣayin (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]viṣayin (noun, neuter)[ablative single], [genitive single]viṣayī (noun, neuter)[ablative single], [genitive single]
- kasyā -
-
√kas -> kasya (absolutive)[absolutive from √kas]ka (noun, masculine)[genitive single]ka (noun, neuter)[genitive single]kaḥ (pronoun, masculine)[genitive single]kim (pronoun, neuter)[genitive single]
- apado' -
-
apad (noun, masculine)[ablative single], [genitive single]apad (noun, neuter)[ablative single], [genitive single]apada (noun, masculine)[nominative single]√pad (verb class 1)[imperfect active second single]
- astam -
-
astam (indeclinable)[indeclinable]asta (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]asta (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]astā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- gatāḥ -
-
gata (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]gatā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
- strībhiḥ -
-
strī (noun, feminine)[instrumental plural]
- kasya -
-
√kas -> kasya (absolutive)[absolutive from √kas]ka (noun, masculine)[genitive single]ka (noun, neuter)[genitive single]kaḥ (pronoun, masculine)[genitive single]kim (pronoun, neuter)[genitive single]
- na -
-
na (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]na (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]na (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- khaṇḍitam -
-
khaṇḍita (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]khaṇḍita (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]khaṇḍitā (noun, feminine)[adverb]√khaṇḍ -> khaṇḍita (participle, masculine)[adverb from √khaṇḍ]√khaṇḍ -> khaṇḍita (participle, neuter)[adverb from √khaṇḍ]√khaṇḍ -> khaṇḍitā (participle, feminine)[adverb from √khaṇḍ]√khaṇḍ -> khaṇḍita (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √khaṇḍ class 1 verb], [accusative single from √khaṇḍ class 10 verb], [accusative single from √khaṇḍ]√khaṇḍ -> khaṇḍita (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √khaṇḍ class 1 verb], [accusative single from √khaṇḍ class 1 verb], [nominative single from √khaṇḍ class 10 verb], [accusative single from √khaṇḍ class 10 verb], [nominative single from √khaṇḍ], [accusative single from √khaṇḍ]
- bhuvi -
-
bhū (noun, masculine)[locative single]bhū (noun, feminine)[locative single]
- manaḥ -
-
manas (noun, neuter)[compound], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]mana (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- ko* -
-
kaḥ (indeclinable interrogative)[indeclinable interrogative]ka (noun, masculine)[nominative single]kaḥ (pronoun, masculine)[nominative single]
- vā -
-
vā (indeclinable conjunction)[indeclinable conjunction]va (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]va (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]vā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]√vā (verb class 1)[imperative active second single]
- asti -
-
asti (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb]astī (noun, masculine)[adverb], [vocative single]astī (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb], [vocative single]astī (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]√as (verb class 2)[present active third single]
- rājñām -
-
rājan (noun, masculine)[genitive plural]
- priyā -
-
prī (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]prī (noun, feminine)[instrumental single]priyā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]
- Line 2: “kaḥ kālasya bhujāntaraṃ na ca gataḥ ko 'rthī gato gauravaṃ ko vā durjana-vāgurāsu patitaḥ kṣemeṇa yātaḥ pumān ”
- kaḥ -
-
kaḥ (indeclinable interrogative)[indeclinable interrogative]ka (noun, masculine)[nominative single]kaḥ (pronoun, masculine)[nominative single]
- kālasya -
-
kālasya (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]kālasya (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]kāla (noun, masculine)[genitive single]kāla (noun, neuter)[genitive single]
- bhujāntaram -
-
bhujāntara (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
- na -
-
na (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]na (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]na (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- ca -
-
ca (indeclinable conjunction)[indeclinable conjunction]ca (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]ca (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- gataḥ -
-
gat (noun, masculine)[accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]gat (noun, neuter)[ablative single], [genitive single]gata (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- ko' -
-
kaḥ (indeclinable interrogative)[indeclinable interrogative]ku (noun, feminine)[vocative single]ka (noun, masculine)[nominative single]kaḥ (pronoun, masculine)[nominative single]
- arthī -
-
arthī (noun, masculine)[compound]arthī (noun, feminine)[compound], [nominative single]arthin (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- gato* -
-
gat (noun, masculine)[accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]gat (noun, neuter)[ablative single], [genitive single]gata (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- gauravam -
-
gaurava (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]gaurava (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]gauravā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- ko* -
-
kaḥ (indeclinable interrogative)[indeclinable interrogative]ka (noun, masculine)[nominative single]kaḥ (pronoun, masculine)[nominative single]
- vā* -
-
vār (noun, masculine)[adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]vār (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]va (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]vā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
- durjana -
-
durjana (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]
- vāgurāsu -
-
vāgurā (noun, feminine)[locative plural]
- patitaḥ -
-
patita (noun, masculine)[nominative single]√pat -> patita (participle, masculine)[nominative single from √pat class 1 verb]
- kṣemeṇa -
-
kṣemeṇa (indeclinable)[indeclinable]kṣema (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]kṣema (noun, neuter)[instrumental single]
- yātaḥ -
-
yāt (noun, masculine)[accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]yāt (noun, neuter)[ablative single], [genitive single]yāta (noun, masculine)[nominative single]√yā -> yāta (participle, masculine)[nominative single from √yā class 2 verb]yātṛ (noun, masculine)[vocative single]yātṛ (noun, feminine)[vocative single]√yā (verb class 2)[present active third dual]
- pumān -
-
puṃs (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
Other editions:
Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 2.153
The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)
Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Buy now!
Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)
[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad
Buy now!Preview of verse 2.153 in Gujarati sript:
કો ઽર્થાન્ પ્રાપ્ય ન ગર્વિતો વિષયિણઃ કસ્યાપદો ઽસ્તં ગતાઃ સ્ત્રીભિઃ કસ્ય ન ખણ્ડિતં ભુવિ મનઃ કો વાસ્તિ રાજ્ઞાં પ્રિયા ।
કઃ કાલસ્ય ભુજાન્તરં ન ચ ગતઃ કો ઽર્થી ગતો ગૌરવં કો વા દુર્જન-વાગુરાસુ પતિતઃ ક્ષેમેણ યાતઃ પુમાન્ ॥ ૧૫૩ ॥