Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

विपदि धैर्यम् अथाभ्युदये क्षमा सदसि वाक्य-पटुता युधि विक्रमः ।
यशसि चाभिरुचिर् व्यसनं श्रुतौ प्रकृति-सिद्धम् इदं हि महात्मनाम् ॥ ३२ ॥

vipadi dhairyam athābhyudaye kṣamā sadasi vākya-paṭutā yudhi vikramaḥ |
yaśasi cābhirucir vyasanaṃ śrutau prakṛti-siddham idaṃ hi mahātmanām || 32 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 1.32 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (1.32). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Vipad, Vipadi, Dhairya, Atha, Abhyudaya, Ksham, Kshama, Sadas, Vakya, Patuta, Yudh, Vikrama, Yashas, Yashasin, Abhiruci, Vyasana, Shrut, Shruta, Shruti, Prakrit, Siddha, Idam, Mahatman, Mahatmana,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 1.32). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “vipadi dhairyam athābhyudaye kṣamā sadasi vākya-paṭutā yudhi vikramaḥ
  • vipadi -
  • vipadī (noun, feminine)
    [adverb], [vocative single]
    vipadi (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    vipadi (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    vipadi (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    vipad (noun, feminine)
    [locative single]
  • dhairyam -
  • dhairya (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • athā -
  • athā (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    atha (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
  • abhyudaye -
  • abhyudaya (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
  • kṣamā -
  • kṣam (noun, feminine)
    [instrumental single]
    kṣamā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • sadasi -
  • sadas (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
    sad (verb class 6)
    [present active second single]
  • vākya -
  • vākya (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    vac -> vākya (participle, masculine)
    [vocative single from √vac class 2 verb], [vocative single from √vac class 3 verb]
    vac -> vākya (participle, neuter)
    [vocative single from √vac class 2 verb], [vocative single from √vac class 3 verb]
    vak -> vākya (participle, masculine)
    [vocative single from √vak class 1 verb]
    vak -> vākya (participle, neuter)
    [vocative single from √vak class 1 verb]
  • paṭutā* -
  • paṭutā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
  • yudhi -
  • yudh (noun, feminine)
    [locative single]
    yudh (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
  • vikramaḥ -
  • vikrama (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • Line 2: “yaśasi cābhirucir vyasanaṃ śrutau prakṛti-siddham idaṃ hi mahātmanām
  • yaśasi -
  • yaśasin (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    yaśasin (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    yaśas (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    yaśas (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
  • -
  • ca (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    ca (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ca (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • abhirucir -
  • abhiruci (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • vyasanam -
  • vyasana (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • śrutau -
  • śrut (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
    śrut (noun, masculine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
    śruta (noun, masculine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
    śruti (noun, feminine)
    [locative single]
    śru -> śruta (participle, masculine)
    [nominative dual from √śru class 5 verb], [vocative dual from √śru class 5 verb], [accusative dual from √śru class 5 verb]
  • prakṛti -
  • prakṛti (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    prakṛt (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    prakṛt (noun, feminine)
    [locative single]
    prakṛt (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
  • siddham -
  • siddha (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    siddha (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    siddhā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
    sidh -> siddha (participle, masculine)
    [accusative single from √sidh class 4 verb]
    sidh -> siddha (participle, neuter)
    [nominative single from √sidh class 4 verb], [accusative single from √sidh class 4 verb]
    sidh -> siddha (participle, masculine)
    [accusative single from √sidh class 1 verb]
    sidh -> siddha (participle, neuter)
    [nominative single from √sidh class 1 verb], [accusative single from √sidh class 1 verb]
  • idam -
  • idam (pronoun, neuter)
    [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • hi -
  • hi (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
  • mahātmanām -
  • mahātman (noun, masculine)
    [genitive plural]
    mahātman (noun, neuter)
    [genitive plural]
    mahātmanā (noun, feminine)
    [accusative single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 1.32

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 1.32 in Gujarati sript:
વિપદિ ધૈર્યમ્ અથાભ્યુદયે ક્ષમા સદસિ વાક્ય-પટુતા યુધિ વિક્રમઃ ।
યશસિ ચાભિરુચિર્ વ્યસનં શ્રુતૌ પ્રકૃતિ-સિદ્ધમ્ ઇદં હિ મહાત્મનામ્ ॥ ૩૨ ॥

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