Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

Verse 2.165

पोतो दुस्तर-वारि-राशितरणे दीपो ऽन्धकारागमे निर्वाते व्यजनं मदान्ध-करिणां दर्पोपशान्त्यै सृणिः ।
इत्थं तद् भुवि नास्ति यस्य विधिना नोपाय-चिन्ता कृता मन्ये दुर्जन-चित्त-वृत्ति-हरणे धातापि भग्नोद्यमः ॥ १६५ ॥

poto dustara-vāri-rāśitaraṇe dīpo 'ndhakārāgame nirvāte vyajanaṃ madāndha-kariṇāṃ darpopaśāntyai sṛṇiḥ |
itthaṃ tad bhuvi nāsti yasya vidhinā nopāya-cintā kṛtā manye durjana-citta-vṛtti-haraṇe dhātāpi bhagnodyamaḥ || 165 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 2.165 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (2.165). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Potri, Pota, Dustara, Var, Vari, Rashi, Tarana, Tarani, Dipa, Andhakara, Agama, Nirvata, Vyajana, Madandha, Karin, Darpopashanti, Srini, Ittham, Ittha, Tad, Tat, Bhu, Nasti, Yasya, Yah, Yat, Vidhi, Nri, Upaya, Cinta, Krita, Manya, Mani, Durjana, Citta, Harana, Harani, Dhatri, Dhata, Api, Bhagnodyama,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 2.165). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “poto dustara-vāri-rāśitaraṇe dīpo 'ndhakārāgame nirvāte vyajanaṃ madāndha-kariṇāṃ darpopaśāntyai sṛṇiḥ
  • poto* -
  • potṛ (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
    pota (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • dustara -
  • dustara (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    dustara (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • vāri -
  • vāri (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    vāri (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    vārī (noun, feminine)
    [adverb], [vocative single]
    vār (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    vār (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
  • rāśi -
  • rāśi (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    rāśī (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [vocative single]
    rāśī (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb], [vocative single]
    rāśī (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
  • taraṇe -
  • taraṇa (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    taraṇa (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    taraṇi (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
    taraṇi (noun, feminine)
    [vocative single]
  • dīpo' -
  • dīpa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • andhakārā -
  • andhakāra (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • agame -
  • agama (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    agama (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    agamā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
    gam (verb class 1)
    [aorist middle first single]
    gam (verb class 2)
    [aorist middle first single]
    gam (verb class 3)
    [aorist middle first single]
  • nirvāte -
  • nirvāta (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    nirvāta (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    nirvātā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
  • vyajanam -
  • vyajana (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • madāndha -
  • madāndha (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    madāndha (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • kariṇām -
  • karin (noun, masculine)
    [genitive plural]
    karin (noun, neuter)
    [genitive plural]
  • darpopaśāntyai -
  • darpopaśānti (noun, feminine)
    [dative single]
  • sṛṇiḥ -
  • sṛṇi (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • Line 2: “itthaṃ tad bhuvi nāsti yasya vidhinā nopāya-cintā kṛtā manye durjana-citta-vṛtti-haraṇe dhātāpi bhagnodyamaḥ
  • ittham -
  • ittham (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    ittha (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • tad -
  • tad (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    tad (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    tat (indeclinable correlative)
    [indeclinable correlative]
    tad (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • bhuvi -
  • bhū (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    bhū (noun, feminine)
    [locative single]
  • nāsti -
  • nāsti (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
  • yasya -
  • yasya (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    yasya (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    yas -> yasya (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √yas]
    ya (noun, masculine)
    [genitive single]
    yaḥ (pronoun, masculine)
    [genitive single]
    yat (pronoun, neuter)
    [genitive single]
    yas (verb class 4)
    [imperative active second single]
  • vidhinā -
  • vidhi (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental single]
    vidhī (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental single]
  • no -
  • na (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    na (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    na (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
    nṛ (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    nu (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
  • upāya -
  • upāya (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • cintā -
  • cintā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • kṛtā* -
  • kṛta (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
    kṛtā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
    kṛ -> kṛta (participle, masculine)
    [nominative plural from √kṛ class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √kṛ class 1 verb], [nominative plural from √kṛ class 2 verb], [vocative plural from √kṛ class 2 verb], [nominative plural from √kṛ class 5 verb], [vocative plural from √kṛ class 5 verb], [nominative plural from √kṛ class 8 verb], [vocative plural from √kṛ class 8 verb]
    kṛ -> kṛtā (participle, feminine)
    [nominative plural from √kṛ class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √kṛ class 1 verb], [accusative plural from √kṛ class 1 verb], [nominative plural from √kṛ class 2 verb], [vocative plural from √kṛ class 2 verb], [accusative plural from √kṛ class 2 verb], [nominative plural from √kṛ class 5 verb], [vocative plural from √kṛ class 5 verb], [accusative plural from √kṛ class 5 verb], [nominative plural from √kṛ class 8 verb], [vocative plural from √kṛ class 8 verb], [accusative plural from √kṛ class 8 verb]
  • manye -
  • manya (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    manya (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    manyā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
    manī (noun, masculine)
    [dative single]
    man (verb class 4)
    [present middle first single], [present passive first single]
    man (verb class 8)
    [present passive first single]
  • durjana -
  • durjana (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • citta -
  • citta (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    citta (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    cit (verb class 2)
    [imperative active second plural]
  • vṛtti -
  • vṛtti (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
  • haraṇe -
  • haraṇa (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    haraṇa (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    haraṇā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
    haraṇi (noun, feminine)
    [vocative single]
  • dhātā -
  • dhāta (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    dhāta (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    dhātṛ (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    dhātā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
    dhā (verb class 1)
    [periphrastic-future active third single]
    dhā (verb class 2)
    [imperative active second plural], [periphrastic-future active third single]
    dhā (verb class 3)
    [periphrastic-future active third single]
    dhā (verb class 4)
    [periphrastic-future active third single]
    dhe (verb class 1)
    [periphrastic-future active third single]
  • api -
  • api (indeclinable preposition)
    [indeclinable preposition]
    ap (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
  • bhagnodyamaḥ -
  • bhagnodyama (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 2.165

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 2.165 in Gujarati sript:
પોતો દુસ્તર-વારિ-રાશિતરણે દીપો ઽન્ધકારાગમે નિર્વાતે વ્યજનં મદાન્ધ-કરિણાં દર્પોપશાન્ત્યૈ સૃણિઃ ।
ઇત્થં તદ્ ભુવિ નાસ્તિ યસ્ય વિધિના નોપાય-ચિન્તા કૃતા મન્યે દુર્જન-ચિત્ત-વૃત્તિ-હરણે ધાતાપિ ભગ્નોદ્યમઃ ॥ ૧૬૫ ॥

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