Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

Verse 1.118

धनेन बलवान् लोको धनाद् भवति पण्डितः ।
पश्यैनं मूषिकं पापं स्वजाति-समतां गतम् ॥ ११८ ॥

dhanena balavān loko dhanād bhavati paṇḍitaḥ |
paśyainaṃ mūṣikaṃ pāpaṃ svajāti-samatāṃ gatam || 118 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 1.118 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (1.118). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Dhana, Balavat, Loka, Bhavati, Bhavat, Bhavant, Pandita, Pash, Pashya, Aina, Mushika, Papam, Papa, Svajati, Samata, Samat, Gata,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 1.118). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “dhanena balavān loko dhanād bhavati paṇḍitaḥ
  • dhanena -
  • dhana (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental single]
    dhana (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental single]
  • balavān -
  • balavat (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • loko* -
  • loka (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • dhanād -
  • dhana (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [ablative single]
    dhana (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [ablative single]
  • bhavati -
  • bhavatī (noun, feminine)
    [adverb], [vocative single]
    bhavat (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    bhavat (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
    bhavant (pronoun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    bhavant (pronoun, neuter)
    [locative single]
    bhū (verb class 1)
    [present active third single]
  • paṇḍitaḥ -
  • paṇḍita (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    paṇḍ -> paṇḍita (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √paṇḍ class 1 verb], [nominative single from √paṇḍ class 10 verb]
  • Line 2: “paśyainaṃ mūṣikaṃ pāpaṃ svajāti-samatāṃ gatam
  • paśyai -
  • paśya (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    paśya (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    paś (noun, feminine)
    [locative single]
    paśyā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
    paś -> paśya (participle, masculine)
    [vocative single from √paś class 10 verb]
    paś -> paśya (participle, neuter)
    [vocative single from √paś class 10 verb]
    paś -> paśyā (participle, feminine)
    [nominative single from √paś class 10 verb]
    paś (verb class 10)
    [imperative passive first single]
  • ainam -
  • aina (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
  • mūṣikam -
  • mūṣika (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    mūṣikā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • pāpam -
  • pāpam (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    pāpa (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    pāpa (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    pāpā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • svajāti -
  • svajāti (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    svajāti (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    svajāti (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
  • samatām -
  • samatā (noun, feminine)
    [accusative single]
    sam -> samat (participle, masculine)
    [genitive plural from √sam class 1 verb]
    sam -> samat (participle, neuter)
    [genitive plural from √sam class 1 verb]
    sam (verb class 1)
    [imperative active third dual], [imperative middle third single]
  • gatam -
  • gat (noun, neuter)
    [adverb]
    gata (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    gata (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    gatā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 1.118

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 1.118 in Gujarati sript:
ધનેન બલવાન્ લોકો ધનાદ્ ભવતિ પણ્ડિતઃ ।
પશ્યૈનં મૂષિકં પાપં સ્વજાતિ-સમતાં ગતમ્ ॥ ૧૧૮ ॥

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