Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

Verse 4.119

यावद् आयुः-प्रमाणस् तु समानार्थ-प्रयोजनः ।
सम्पत्तौ वा विपत्तौ वा कारणैर् यो न भिद्यते ॥ ११९ ॥

yāvad āyuḥ-pramāṇas tu samānārtha-prayojanaḥ |
sampattau vā vipattau vā kāraṇair yo na bhidyate || 119 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 4.119 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (4.119). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Yavat, Ayu, Ayus, Pramana, Samanartha, Prayas, Jana, Janas, Sampatti, Var, Vipatti, Karana, Yah,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 4.119). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “yāvad āyuḥ-pramāṇas tu samānārtha-prayojanaḥ
  • yāvad -
  • yāvat (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    yāvat (indeclinable relative)
    [indeclinable relative]
    yāvat (noun, masculine)
    [compound]
    yāvat (noun, neuter)
    [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
  • āyuḥ -
  • āyus (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]
    āyus (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    āyu (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    āyu (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • pramāṇas -
  • pramāṇa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • tu -
  • tu (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
  • samānārtha -
  • samānārtha (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    samānārtha (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • prayo -
  • prayas (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    prayas (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
  • janaḥ -
  • janas (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    jana (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • Line 2: “sampattau vipattau kāraṇair yo na bhidyate
  • sampattau -
  • sampatti (noun, feminine)
    [locative single]
  • vā* -
  • vār (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]
    vār (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    va (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
  • vipattau -
  • vipatti (noun, feminine)
    [locative single]
  • -
  • (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
    (verb class 1)
    [imperative active second single]
  • kāraṇair -
  • kāraṇa (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental plural]
  • yo* -
  • yaḥ (indeclinable relative)
    [indeclinable relative]
    ya (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    yaḥ (pronoun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • na -
  • na (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    na (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    na (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • bhidyate -
  • bhid (verb class 1)
    [present passive third single]
    bhid (verb class 7)
    [present passive third single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 4.119

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 4.119 in Gujarati sript:
યાવદ્ આયુઃ-પ્રમાણસ્ તુ સમાનાર્થ-પ્રયોજનઃ ।
સમ્પત્તૌ વા વિપત્તૌ વા કારણૈર્ યો ન ભિદ્યતે ॥ ૧૧૯ ॥

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