Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

नाकाले मिर्यते जन्तुर् विद्धः शर-शतैर् अपि ।
कुशाग्रेणैव संस्पृष्टः प्राप्त-कालो न जीवति ॥ १७ ॥

nākāle miryate jantur viddhaḥ śara-śatair api |
kuśāgreṇaiva saṃspṛṣṭaḥ prāpta-kālo na jīvati || 17 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 2.17 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (2.17). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Naka, Ala, Ali, Jantu, Viddha, Shara, Sharan, Shata, Api, Kushagra, Samsprishta, Prapta, Kala, Jivat,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 2.17). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “nākāle miryate jantur viddhaḥ śara-śatair api
  • nākā -
  • nāka (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    nāka (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    nākā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • ale -
  • ala (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    ali (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
    al (verb class 1)
    [present middle first single]
  • Cannot analyse miryate*ja
  • jantur -
  • jantu (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • viddhaḥ -
  • viddha (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    vidh -> viddha (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √vidh class 6 verb]
    vidh -> viddha (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √vidh class 1 verb], [nominative single from √vidh class 6 verb]
    vyadh -> viddha (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √vyadh class 4 verb]
  • śara -
  • śara (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    śara (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    śaran (noun, masculine)
    [compound]
    śaran (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • śatair -
  • śata (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental plural]
  • api -
  • api (indeclinable preposition)
    [indeclinable preposition]
    ap (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
    api (Preverb)
    [Preverb]
  • Line 2: “kuśāgreṇaiva saṃspṛṣṭaḥ prāpta-kālo na jīvati
  • kuśāgreṇai -
  • kuśāgra (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental single]
    kuśāgra (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental single]
  • aiva -
  • i (verb class 2)
    [imperfect active first dual]
  • saṃspṛṣṭaḥ -
  • saṃspṛṣṭa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • prāpta -
  • prāpta (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    prāpta (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • kālo* -
  • kāla (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • na -
  • na (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    na (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    na (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • jīvati -
  • jīvat (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    jīvat (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
    jīv -> jīvat (participle, masculine)
    [locative single from √jīv class 1 verb]
    jīv -> jīvat (participle, neuter)
    [locative single from √jīv class 1 verb]
    jīv (verb class 1)
    [present active third single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 2.17

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 2.17 in Gujarati sript:
નાકાલે મિર્યતે જન્તુર્ વિદ્ધઃ શર-શતૈર્ અપિ ।
કુશાગ્રેણૈવ સંસ્પૃષ્ટઃ પ્રાપ્ત-કાલો ન જીવતિ ॥ ૧૭ ॥

Like what you read? Consider supporting this website: