Apastamba Sulba-sutra [sanskrit]

29,967 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Apastamba Sulba-sutra with the commentaries of Kapardin, Karavinda and Sundararaja. The Sulbasutras are considered Vedic appendices and deals with the ancient Indian science of Mathematics and Geometry, by instructing the construction of fire-altars, among others. Original titles: Āpastambaśulbasūtra (आपस्तम्बशुल्बसूत्र), Kapardin (कपर्दिन्), Karavinda (करविन्द), Sundararāja (सुन्दरराज)

Sutra 21.4b

yathāprakṛty ātmāvikārāt || Sūtra _21.4b ||

yathāprakṛtyātmā / kutaḥ? avikārāt / nahi tatra vikāraḥśrūyate / tasmātpraṅkṛtivadevātmā catuḥpuruṣaḥsamacaturaśraś ca / aratninār'dhaprādeśena pakṣau vivadheyet / dvipuruṣāṃ rajjumityādiśyenavat / nanu prakṛtāvaratninā vardhayedityuktam / kimidamucyate aratninār'dhaprādeśena veti? aratninetyardhavikāratvapratipādanaparaṃ, na pakṣapucchānāṃ tāvanmātramāyāmamāpādayitum / ātmanaścaturthaṃ caturbhāgīyāśvāṣṭau ityupadhātavyamiti

śyenapratipāditaṃ na kartavyam / yathāprakṛtyevātmā kartavyaḥ / kiṃ ca prākṛtaṃ pucchamiti vacanācca upadhānavidhiś ca na ghaṭate / śyena iva cetavya ityevaṃ kriyamāṇe prathamadvitīyānāmeva vikāro netareṣām / itarathā caturthādayo'pi vikṛtā bhaveyuḥ / tathābhūtāś ca kartavyā bhaveyuḥ / tasmācca karaṇānupraveśena cetavya ityuktam / śyenavadeva puccham / karaṇānyucyante -- caturthaṣaṣṭhābhyāṃ yathāyoganataṃ tatprathamam / dve pūrvavatsaṃhite dvitīyamityādi / athopadhānavidhiḥ -- aṣṭācatvāriṃśatprathamā udīcīḥ pakṣayoḥ / śyenavatpuccham / ātmanaḥśroṇyostisrastisraḥ pañcamya udīcyaḥ / tataḥsaptasu rītiṣu ṣaṭpañcāśaccaturthyaḥ dakṣiṇāyatā udagāyatāś ca / tāsāṃ purastādaṣṭau pañcamyaḥ udagāyatāḥ / śroṇyoścatasraḥ pañcamya akṣṇayā bhindyāt / aṣṭau ṣaṣṭhayaḥsampadyante / eṣa dviśataḥ prastāraḥ / aparasmin prastāre catasraścatasro dvitīyā nirṇāmayorapyayayoś ca viśayāstṛtīyāḥ / catasraścatasraḥ pūrvavadaṣṭabhāgāvetāḥ / pakṣeṣṭakābhiḥ pakṣau pracchādayet / taddvāsaptatiḥ pucche śyenavat / saptāṣṭamābhiḥśroṇyaṃseṣu dve dve pañcamyau prācīḥ pratīcīś ca / prācyaḥ sapta rītayaḥ / caturmistṛtīyāpañcamyo rītyormadhye triṃśat ṣaṣṭhayaḥ ekā ca pañcamī / ekatra ṣoḍaśāparatra caturdaśa / evaṃ dviśataḥ prastāraḥ / athavā sa evānupucchamardhapuruṣavyāsaṃ saprādeśaṃ puruṣaṃ pratīcīnamāyacchet / tasya dakṣiṇato'nyamityādinā śyenavatpucchaṃ kuryāt / pakṣau prākṛtau dvipuruṣāyāmau / karaṇāni vakṣyāmaḥ -- dvādaśāṅgulā yathā bhavati tatā tiryak caturthaṣaṣṭhābhyāṃ namayet / prathamaṃ te eva saṃhite yathā tiṣṭhataḥ tathā kārayet / dvitīyaṃ tṛtīyamapi yat ṣaḍbhāgenāṣṭamabhāgena vardhayediti ta eva pucche caturthaṃ trayastriṃśadaṅgulavistāraṃ pañcacatvāriṃśadaṅgulāyāmaṃ caturdaśatilairūnaṃ saviśeṣaṃ pañcamaṃ ardhasaptāṅgulavyāsaṃ ṣaṭpārśvaṃ ekonatriṃśadāyāmaṃ tu ṣaṭtriṃśadaṅgulaṃ caturdaśatilaiḥsaha pucchāpyaye viśayayoḥ aṣṭādaśāṅgulaṃ pucche pañcadaśāṅkumeva / ātmāni caturthādayo vaikṛtāḥ / pucche tu prākṛtā eva / ātmanyupadhānavidhiḥsa eva / tatra ślokāḥ ----

arndha trayodaśaṃ vyāsamaśiraske havirbhuji /
tathā caturthaṣaṣṭhābhyāṃ namayetprathamaṃ tu tat //

te dve tu saṃhite prācī dvitīyaṃ karaṇaṃ bhavet /
tṛtīyamapi ṣaḍbhāgamaṣṭabhāgena vardhitam //

pakṣeṣṭakāścaturthāḥsyuḥ pucchaṃ pucchavaducyate /
ṣaṭpañcāśaccaturthyaḥsyustiryagdakṣoda gāyatāḥ //

aṣṭau purastāttiryakca śroṇyoḥ ṣaṭpañcamīḥ kṣipet /
śroṇyāścatasraḥ pañcamyo bhedavaddviśatastathā //

śyenavatpakṣapuccheṣu nidhāyātmanyapi kṣipet /
prācyāṃ caiva pratīcyāṃ ca triṃśadekā ca pañcamī //

tāsāmevottare pārśve caturthyaḥ ṣoḍaśadvayam /
prācyaśvaiva pratīcyaś ca tathā ṣoḍaśa dakṣiṇe //

prācīśvaiva pratīcīś ca śiṣṭe pañcamīṃ kṣipet /
karaṇasya viparyāsaṃ caturthasyaiva neṣyate //

saprādeśe'pi pucche vistāro dvādaśaṃ bhavet /
tathā caturthaṣaṣṭhābhyāṃ namayetprathamaṃ tu tat //

te dve tu saṃhite prācī dvitīyaṃ karaṇaṃ hi tat /
tṛtīyamapi ṣaḍbhāgamaṣṭabhāgena vardhitam //

dvāviṃśatirdviguṇitaṃ tilānāṃ cāpi viṃśatiḥ /
saviśeṣaścaturthasya tiryaksatyadhikaṃ bhavet //

pañcamaṃ prākṛtaṃ vidyāt ṣaṣṭhasya vikṛtāstrayaḥ /
ṣaṣṭhasya pārśvaṃ tryadhikaṃ karṇaḥ ṣaṭtriṃśadaṣṭabhiḥ //
saptamāṣṭamayoḥ pārśvamūnatriṃśamiheṣyate /
āyāmaśvāpi ṣaṭtriṃśaccaturdaśatilaiḥsaha //
caturthādyāstu vikṛtāḥ pucche caivātmani kṣipet /
aṣṭādaśāṅgulaṃ pucche śayayoranyadātmani //

karavindīyā vyākhyā

kaṅka -- tau

kaṅkālajau pakṣiviśeṣau / kaṅkavaccīyate alajavaccīyat iti kaṅkacidalajacitau śyenacitā vyākhyātau / tayorvimāneṣṭakākaraṇopadhānāni śyenasyeva kāryāṇītyarthaḥ /

mukhyatvāt pūrvaśyeneneti kecit /
ānantaryāddvitīyaśyenenetyanye /
aviśeṣādubhābhyāmityapare /
uktaṃ śyenasvarūpamanubhāṣate atraiva śiraso bhāvapratipādanārtham //

eva r-- thyāt

evamivahīti gatam / śyenasya varṣīyāṃsau dīrghatarau pucchādvakrau pakṣau sannataṃ pucchaṃ ātmasamīpe hrasīya agre vyastaṃ dīrgha ātmā na samacaturaśraḥ amaṇḍalaḥ na maṇḍalākāraḥ ---- īṣanmaṇḍalaḥ / na śiraś ca vidyate / taccāpi na maṇḍalaṃ nāpi samacaturaśram / evamiva śyeno loke dṛśyate / etāvadeva śyenasādṛśyamagneḥ /

kutaḥ? śrutisāmarthyāt -- sāmarthyamabhidhānaśaktiḥ /
etāvadeva śyenaśrutyā vidhīyate /
yadetadvakrapakṣatā vyastapucchatā dīrghātmatāmaṇḍalatā saśiraskatā ca /
tasmāt kaṅkālajāvapi tadākārau cetavyāvityarthaḥ //

aśira -- nāt

aśirasko śyenaḥ anāmnānāt / nahi pakṣapucchātmagatavakratādivacchirasa āmnānamasti / śyenavidhānasāmarthyācchiraso vidhānamastīti gamyata iti kecit / vayasāṃ eṣa pratimayā cīyata iti prakṛtāvapi pakṣādivat śirovidhānaṃ prasajyet / naiṣa doṣaḥ / tatra hi pakṣapacchavidhānaṃ parisaṃkhyānārtham / tarhyatrāpi taccodakāgatameveti tasmāt saśiraskaḥśyenaḥ / kiñca vijñāyate ca kaṅkacitaṃ śīrṣaṇvantaṃ cinvīteti / yadi codakaprāptayā kaṅke śiro vidyate tatkathaṃ brūyāt brāhyaṇaṃ kaṅkacitaṃ śīrṣaṇvantaṃ cinvīteti? na brūyādevetyarthaḥ / tasmādaśiraskaḥ śyenaḥ / kaṅke śirovidhānāt / tathā te vayomātrasādṛśye prakṛte prāpte śyenaprāptividhānasāmarthyādeva śyene śiro'pyastīti gamyate /

"trivṛtte agne śiraḥ' ityādinā śirasyupadhānadarghanācca /
atastayorvikalpa iti manvānaḥ vāśabdaṃ brūte /
tatra kaṅkaḥśyeno'laja iti saṅkalapamātrabhedaḥ nākāre /
dākṣāyaṇayajñādivat aśiraskaḥśyena ityucyate //

prākṛ ---- rāt

prakṛtivadeva pakṣau vakrau pucchāt sannataṃ vakrapakṣo vyastapuccha iti vikāraśravaṇāt / ātmā tu yathā prakṛtyā / yadvā yathāprakṛtiravikṛtaḥ samacaturaśraḥ catuṣpuruṣa ityarthaḥ / avikārāt -- na hi vikāraḥ śrūyate / pakṣapuccheṣu vikāragrahaṇaṃ nātmani / tasmāt prākṛta evātmā / aratninārdhaprādeśena ca ekaikaṃ pakṣaṃ pravardhayet / yadyapi prākṛtau pakṣāvityuktaṃ tathāpi pucchasyāprākṛtatvaśraṇāduktaprakārā puruṣamātratā gamyate / tasmātpucche prādeśamupadhāya pakṣayorvibhajediti kecinmanyante / kecitpakṣayoḥ prakṛtitvavidhānādātmano'vikāratvācca pucchaṃ saprādeśaṃ manyante / ubhayasmin pakṣe'pyuktaprakāreṇābhyunneyā ityācāryo manyate / atra pucchasyāprakṛtitvapakṣe prathamadvitīyakaraṇānāṃ vikāraḥ / itarathā teṣāmapi karaṇānyucyante / caturthaṣaṣṭhābhyāṃ prathamaṃ karaṇaṃ yathārdhatrayodaśavyāsaṃ bhavati tathā prajambhayet / te dve prācī saṃhite / tadditīyaṃ prathamasya ṣaḍbhāgamaṅgulaṃ tṛtīyam / upadhānamucyate ---- dakṣiṇe pakṣe aṣṭācatvāriṃśatprathamā

udīcīstathottare dakṣiṇāḥ / pucche'śiraskapakṣoktameva / triṃśadātmani / śroṇyostisrāstisraḥ pañcamya udagāyatāḥ dakṣiṇāyatāś ca / tāsāṃ purastācatur(thār)thīnāmardheṣṭakāḥ sapta rītayaḥ / tāḥ ṣaṭpañcāśat / tāsāṃ purastādaṣṭau pañcamyaḥ / śroṇyaṃseṣu catasraḥ / pañcamīrakṣṇayābhindyāt / dviśata eṣa prastāraḥ / dvitīyaprastāre catasraścatasro dvitīyāścatasraścatasra ātmānamaṣṭabhāgāvetāḥ / pakṣeṣṭakābhiḥ prācībhiḥ pakṣau pracchādayet / ekaikasmin pakṣe ṣaṭtriṃśat / pucche tu pūrvavaddvādaśa saptamyastrayodaśāṣṭamyaś ca / śroṇyaṃseṣu dve dve pañcamyau prācyau / ātmaśeṣe caturthīnā maṣṭeṣṭakāḥ prācyaḥsapta rītayaḥ / tṛtīyapañcamarītyormadhye catasraścaturthīruddhṛtya triṃśataṃ ṣaṣṭimekāṃ pañcamīmupadadhyāt / tāsāmekatra ṣoḍaśa ṣaṣṭiriti / tatra caturdaśa ekatra pañcamī / eṣa dviśataḥ prastāraḥ / sapradeśapakṣe pucche puruṣavyāsaṃ prādeśapuruṣaṃ pratīcīnamāyacchet / tasya dakṣiṇato'nyamuttarataśvetyādinā pucchaṃ kuryāt / pakṣau prakṛtāveva / karaṇaviśeṣo yathā tiryagṛjutvena dvādaśāṅgulaṃ bhavati tathā prathamaṃ karaṇaṃ prajambhayet / te dve prājītyādinā dvitīyam / tṛtīyasyāpi ṣaḍbāgamaṣṭabhāgena vardhitam / caturthādīni dvividhāni -- pucchacaturthe trayastriṃśadahgulavistāraṃ / tasya saviśeṣaḥ catuśvatvāriṃśadaṅgulayaḥ viṃśati tilādhikāḥ / pañcamamardhasaptadaśaṅgulavyāsam / ṣaṣṭhasya pārśvaṃ trayastriṃśadaṅgulakam / tāḥṣaṭtriṃśadaṅgulayaḥ / sāṣṭamayoḥsa eva vyāsaḥ / pārśvamānyāvakṣṇayāvasthite ekonatriṃśadaṅgule / āyāmaḥṣaṭtriṃśadaṅgulayaḥ caturdaśa tilāś ca / pucchāpyayaviśayayoraṣṭādaśāṅgulam /

pucche pañcadaśāṅgulamātmatilacaturthyādayo vikṛtāḥ puccha upadheyāḥ /
prākṛta evātmani upadhānavidhiḥ /
sa eṣa dvitīyaśyenaḥ /
vikṛte tatroktakaraṇānyevamunnīya kṛtvā cetavyam //

sundararājīyā vyākhyā

vyatyā -- cikīrṣet

kaṅka -- khyātau

"kaṅkacitaṃ śīrṣaṇvantaṃ cinvīta yaḥ kāmayeta śīrṣaṇvānamuṣmin loke syāmiti' / alajacitaṃ cinvīta catuḥsītaṃ pratiṣṭhākāma' iti śrutāvagnī śyenacitā pūrveṇottareṇa vyākhyātau / athoktasyaiva śyenacitaḥ prakārāntaraṃ vidhitsan uktau tāvatprakārau yuktatarāviti darśayitumāha --

evamiva ---- marthyāt

yathāsmābhiruktaṃ evamiva hi patataḥ śyenasya pakṣau pucchādvarṣīyāṃsau vakrau ca madhyataḥ pucchaṃ ca sannatamapyayapradeśe ātmā ca āmaṇḍalaḥ īṣanmaṇḍalarūpaḥ śiraśvaivaṃ bhavati /
tasmāt---- tacchabdaśruteḥ yacchabdādhyāhāraḥ kāryaḥ /
yasmādarthe hiśabdaḥ /
yasmādevaṃrūpaḥ śyenasya pakṣapucchādiḥ pratyakṣeṇa dṛśyate tatmāt śyenacitaṃ cinvīteti śrutisāmarthyādevaṃrūpapakṣapucchātmaśiraskaḥ śyenacidityukta ityarthaḥ //

aśi ------ mnāmāt

aśirasko śyenacidbhavitumarhati / anāmnānāt; na(hi)ca śyenacitprakaraṇe śira āmnāyate / ātmano'pyavikārasyaitadupalakṣaṇam / aśiraska (tve) kalpe pramāṇāntaramastītyāha----

vijñā -- brūyāt

yadi śyenākṛtividhānamātreṇaiva saśiraskatvaṃ bhavet /
tarhi kaṅkacito'pi bhavedeva /
tathā ca tatra śīrṣaṇvantamiti viśeṣo na vaktavyaḥsyādityarthaḥ //

yadyaśiraskastarhyasya kiṃ rūpamityāha ----

prākṛtau -- śravaṇāt

prākṛtāveva pakṣau pucchau ṣaḍaratniṃ pañcāratniṃ / tau dvipuruṣāṃ rajjumubhayataḥpāśāmityuktaprakāreṇa vakrīkartavyau / kecittu pūrvoktāyāma (bhāvāt) mārgāt ṣaṣṭiśatāṅgulayā rajjvā saṃnamana (mapī)micchanti / pucchaṃ ca prākṛtameva sannataṃ ardhapuruṣavyāsam / puruṣaṃ prādeśādhikaṃ pratīcīnamāyacchet / tasya dakṣiṇato'nyamityādi pūrvavat / prādeśapravṛddhayabhāve pūrvavadeva / vikāraśravaṇāditi ---- vakrapakṣo vyastapuccho bhavatīti vacanādityarthaḥ /

yathā kārāt

catuḥ puruṣaḥ samacaturaśra eva śyenacityātmā vikārasyāśravaṇāt

kapardibhāṣyam

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