Buddha-Carita [sanskrit]

by E. B. Cowell | 2003 | 11,474 words | ISBN-10: 8187418788 | ISBN-13: 9788187418788

The Buddha Carita (Saddharma-pundarika) by Asvaghosa a famous Sanskrit text revolving around the live and exploits of the Buddha. The Buddha Carita (Buddhacarita) is written in the style of a Kavya (or Mahakavya, epic poetry) and extant original Sanskrit text consists of roughly 1,000 metrical verses.

Verse 10.34

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शक्नोति जीर्णः खलु धर्ममाप्तुं कामोपभोगेष्वगतिर्जरायाः ।
अतश्च यूनः कथयन्ति कामान्मध्यस्य वित्तं स्थविरस्य धर्मम् ॥ ३४ ॥

śaknoti jīrṇaḥ khalu dharmamāptuṃ kāmopabhogeṣvagatirjarāyāḥ |
ataśca yūnaḥ kathayanti kāmānmadhyasya vittaṃ sthavirasya dharmam || 34 ||

'The old man can obtain merit by religion; old age is helpless for the enjoyment of pleasures; therefore they say that pleasures belong to the young man, wealth to the middle-aged, and religion to the old.
English translation by E. B. Cowell (2003) Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (10.34). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Jirna, Khalu, Dharma, Kamopabhoga, Agati, Jara, Atah, Yuvan, Kathayat, Kathayanti, Kamat, Kama, Madhya, Vitta, Sthavira,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Buddha-carita Verse 10.34). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “śaknoti jīrṇaḥ khalu dharmamāptuṃ kāmopabhogeṣvagatirjarāyāḥ ”
śaknoti -
√śak (verb class 5)

[present active third single]
jīrṇaḥ -
jīrṇa (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

√jṝ -> jīrṇa (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √jṝ class 1 verb], [nominative single from √jṝ class 4 verb], [nominative single from √jṝ class 9 verb]
khalu -
khalu (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

khalu (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

khalu (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

khalu (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
dharmam -
dharma (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

dharman (noun, masculine)

[adverb]

dharman (noun, neuter)

[adverb]

dharmā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
āptum -
√āp -> āptum (infinitive)

[infinitive from √āp]
kāmopabhogeṣva -
kāmopabhoga (noun, masculine)

[locative plural]
agatir -
agati (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

agati (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
jarāyāḥ -
jarā (noun, feminine)

[ablative single], [genitive single]
Line 2: “ataśca yūnaḥ kathayanti kāmānmadhyasya vittaṃ sthavirasya dharmam ”
ataś -
ataḥ (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
ca -
ca (indeclinable conjunction)

[indeclinable conjunction]

ca (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ca (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
yūnaḥ -
yuvan (noun, masculine)

[accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]
kathayanti -
√kath -> kathayat (participle, neuter)

[nominative plural from √kath class 10 verb], [vocative plural from √kath class 10 verb], [accusative plural from √kath class 10 verb]

√kath -> kathayantī (participle, feminine)

[vocative single from √kath class 10 verb]

√kath (verb class 10)

[present active third plural]
kāmān -
kāmāt (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

kāma (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative plural], [ablative single]

kāma (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [ablative single]
madhyasya -
madhya (noun, masculine)

[genitive single]

madhya (noun, neuter)

[genitive single]
vittam -
vitta (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

vitta (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

vittā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

√vid -> vitta (participle, masculine)

[accusative single from √vid class 6 verb]

√vid -> vitta (participle, neuter)

[nominative single from √vid class 6 verb], [accusative single from √vid class 6 verb]

√vid -> vitta (participle, masculine)

[accusative single from √vid class 7 verb]

√vid -> vitta (participle, neuter)

[nominative single from √vid class 7 verb], [accusative single from √vid class 7 verb]

√vid (verb class 2)

[imperative active second dual]
sthavirasya -
sthavira (noun, masculine)

[genitive single]

sthavira (noun, neuter)

[genitive single]
dharmam -
dharma (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

dharman (noun, masculine)

[adverb]

dharman (noun, neuter)

[adverb]

dharmā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]