Buddha-Carita [sanskrit]

by E. B. Cowell | 2003 | 11,474 words | ISBN-10: 8187418788 | ISBN-13: 9788187418788

The Buddha Carita (Saddharma-pundarika) by Asvaghosa a famous Sanskrit text revolving around the live and exploits of the Buddha. The Buddha Carita (Buddhacarita) is written in the style of a Kavya (or Mahakavya, epic poetry) and extant original Sanskrit text consists of roughly 1,000 metrical verses.

Verse 3.39

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यदा तु तत्रैव न शर्म लेभे जरा जरेति प्रपरीक्षमाणः ।
ततो नरेन्द्रानुमतः स भूयः क्रमेण तेनैव बहिर्जगाम ॥ ३९ ॥

yadā tu tatraiva na śarma lebhe jarā jareti praparīkṣamāṇaḥ |
tato narendrānumataḥ sa bhūyaḥ krameṇa tenaiva bahirjagāma || 39 ||

But when he found no happiness even there, as he continually kept reflecting, 'old age, old age,' then once more, with the permission of the king, he went out with the same arrangement as before.
English translation by E. B. Cowell (2003) Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (3.39). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Yada, Yad, Tatraiva, Sharma, Sharman, Jara, Jaras, Iti, Pra, Pariksha, Tatah, Tad, Tata, Narendra, Uma, Tas, Bhuyah, Bhuyas, Kramena, Krama, Tena, Bahih, Bahi, Bahis,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Buddha-carita Verse 3.39). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “yadā tu tatraiva na śarma lebhe jarā jareti praparīkṣamāṇaḥ ”
yadā -
yadā (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

yadā (indeclinable relative)

[indeclinable relative]

yadā (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

yad (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]
tu -
tu (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]
tatraiva -
tatraiva (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]
na -
na (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

na (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

na (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
śarma -
śarma (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

śarman (noun, masculine)

[compound]

śarman (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
lebhe -
√labh (verb class 1)

[perfect middle first single], [perfect middle third single]
jarā* -
jara (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

jarā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]

jaras (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

jaras (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
jare -
jara (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single], [locative single]

jara (noun, neuter)

[compound], [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

jarā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single], [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

√jṛ (verb class 1)

[present middle first single], [imperative active second single]

√jṝ (verb class 1)

[present middle first single], [imperative active second single]
iti -
iti (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

iti (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]
pra -
pra (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

pra (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
parīkṣam -
parīkṣā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

parīkṣa (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

parīkṣa (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
āṇaḥ -
√aṇ (verb class 1)

[imperfect active second single]
Line 2: “tato narendrānumataḥ sa bhūyaḥ krameṇa tenaiva bahirjagāma ”
tato* -
tataḥ (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

tataḥ (indeclinable correlative)

[indeclinable correlative]

tataḥ (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

tad (noun, neuter)

[ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]

tata (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

√tan -> tata (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √tan class 8 verb]

sa (noun, masculine)

[ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]

sā (noun, feminine)

[ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]
narendrān -
narendra (noun, masculine)

[accusative plural]
uma -
uma (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

√u (verb class 1)

[perfect active first plural]

√u (verb class 2)

[perfect active first plural]

√u (verb class 5)

[perfect active first plural]
taḥ -
tas (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

tas (noun, neuter)

[compound], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

ta (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
sa -
sa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

sa (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
bhūyaḥ -
bhūyaḥ (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

bhūyas (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

bhūyas (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
krameṇa -
krameṇa (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

krama (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]
tenai -
tena (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ta (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

ta (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]

tad (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]

sa (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

√tan (verb class 8)

[perfect active second plural]

√tan (verb class 4)

[perfect active second plural]

√tan (verb class 1)

[perfect active second plural]
aiva -
√i (verb class 2)

[imperfect active first dual]
bahir -
bahiḥ (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

bahis (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

bahi (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

bahi (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
jagāma -
√gā (verb class 3)

[imperative active first plural]

√gam (verb class 1)

[perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]

√gam (verb class 2)

[perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]

√gam (verb class 3)

[perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]