Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 6.59.6
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इन्द्रा॑ग्नी अ॒पादि॒यं पूर्वागा॑त्प॒द्वती॑भ्यः । हि॒त्वी शिरो॑ जि॒ह्वया॒ वाव॑द॒च्चर॑त्त्रिं॒शत्प॒दा न्य॑क्रमीत् ॥
इन्द्राग्नी अपादियं पूर्वागात्पद्वतीभ्यः । हित्वी शिरो जिह्वया वावदच्चरत्त्रिंशत्पदा न्यक्रमीत् ॥
indrāgnī apād iyam pūrvāgāt padvatībhyaḥ | hitvī śiro jihvayā vāvadac carat triṃśat padā ny akramīt ||
English translation:
“This footless (dawn), Indra and Agni, comes before the footed sleepers, animating the head (of living beings with consciousness), causing them to utter loud sounds with their tongues, and passing onwards she traverses thirty steps.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Animating the head: hitvī śiras = exciting the head: prāṇinām śiro prerayitrī, urging or animating the head of living beings; or, it may apply to the dawn, as being headless, śiras tyaktvā svayam aśiraskā satī, she having abandoned the head, being of herself headless; cf. Yajus. 33.93: the referene to epithets: vāc, speech, āpad, footless, meaning prose, gadyātmikā; thirty steps: the thirty muhūrtas, the divisions of the day and night
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): bharadvājo bārhaspatyaḥ [bharadvāja bārhaspatya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāgnī ;
Chandas (meter): bhuriganuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इन्द्रा॑ग्नी॒ इति॑ । अ॒पात् । इ॒यम् । पूर्वा॑ । आ । अ॒गा॒त् । प॒त्ऽवती॑भ्यः । हि॒त्वी । शिरः॑ । जि॒ह्वया॑ । वाव॑दत् । चर॑त् । त्रिं॒शत् । प॒दा । नि । अ॒क्र॒मी॒त् ॥
इन्द्राग्नी इति । अपात् । इयम् । पूर्वा । आ । अगात् । पत्वतीभ्यः । हित्वी । शिरः । जिह्वया । वावदत् । चरत् । त्रिंशत् । पदा । नि । अक्रमीत् ॥
indrāgnī iti | apāt | iyam | pūrvā | ā | agāt | pat-vatībhyaḥ | hitvī | śiraḥ | jihvayā | vāvadat | carat | triṃśat | padā | ni | akramīt
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 6.59.6 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[adverb]
“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“pād [word]; foot.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“aforesaid(a); antecedent; previous(a); first; eastern; former(a); pūrva [word]; age-old; anterior; bygone; fore(a); predictive; firstborn; easterly; instrumental.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“go; enter (a state); arrive.”
[noun], ablative, plural, feminine
“footed.”
[verb noun]
“abandon; decrease; want; kill; deteriorate; get rid of; exclude; lose; avoid; remove; leave; abandon; neglect; leave; discard; apostatize; discontinue; weaken; abandon; assail; subtract; foreswear; pour away; withdraw; depart; reduce.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“head; top; peak; battlefront; śiras [word]; beginning; skull.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“tongue; tongue; jihvā [word]; fire.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“make noise; chatter.”
[verb], singular, Present injunctive
“car; wander; perform; travel; bore; produce; make; dwell; dig; act; observe; enter (a state); observe; cause; crop; behave; practice; heed; process; administer.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“thirty; triṃśat [word].”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“word; location; foot; footprint; pada [word]; verse; footstep; metrical foot; situation; dwelling; state; step; mark; position; trace; construction; animal foot; way; moment; social station; topographic point; path; residence; site; topic.”
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[verb], singular, Athematic is aor. (Ind.)
“kram; step; go; continue; proceed; traverse; heat.”