Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

दानोपभोग-रहिता दिवसा यस्य यान्ति वै ।
स कर्म-कार-भस्त्रेव श्वसन्न् अपि न जीवति ॥ ११ ॥

dānopabhoga-rahitā divasā yasya yānti vai |
sa karma-kāra-bhastreva śvasann api na jīvati || 11 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 2.11 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (2.11). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Daman, Dana, Danu, Upabhoga, Rahita, Divasa, Yasya, Yah, Yat, Yantin, Yanti, Karman, Kara, Bhastra, Iva, Shvasat, Api, Jivat,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 2.11). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “dānopabhoga-rahitā divasā yasya yānti vai
  • dāno -
  • dāna (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    dāna (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    dāman (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental single]
    dāman (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental single]
    dānu (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
    dānu (noun, feminine)
    [vocative single]
    dān (verb class 1)
    [imperative active second single]
  • upabhoga -
  • upabhoga (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • rahitā* -
  • rahita (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
    rahitā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
    rah -> rahita (participle, masculine)
    [nominative plural from √rah class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √rah class 1 verb], [nominative plural from √rah class 10 verb], [vocative plural from √rah class 10 verb]
    rah -> rahitā (participle, feminine)
    [nominative plural from √rah class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √rah class 1 verb], [accusative plural from √rah class 1 verb], [nominative plural from √rah class 10 verb], [vocative plural from √rah class 10 verb], [accusative plural from √rah class 10 verb]
  • divasā* -
  • divasa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
  • yasya -
  • yasya (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    yasya (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    yas -> yasya (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √yas]
    ya (noun, masculine)
    [genitive single]
    yaḥ (pronoun, masculine)
    [genitive single]
    yat (pronoun, neuter)
    [genitive single]
    yas (verb class 4)
    [imperative active second single]
  • yānti -
  • yāntin (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    yāntin (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    yāntī (noun, masculine)
    [adverb]
    yāntī (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb], [vocative single]
    yāntī (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
  • vai -
  • (verb class 1)
    [present middle first single], [imperative middle first single]
  • Line 2: “sa karma-kāra-bhastreva śvasann api na jīvati
  • sa -
  • sa (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    sa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • karma -
  • karman (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
  • kāra -
  • kāra (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    kāra (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • bhastre -
  • bhastra (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single], [locative single]
    bhastra (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    bhastrā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single], [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
  • iva -
  • iva (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    iva (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
  • śvasann -
  • śvas -> śvasat (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √śvas class 2 verb], [vocative single from √śvas class 2 verb]
  • api -
  • api (indeclinable preposition)
    [indeclinable preposition]
    ap (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
  • na -
  • na (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    na (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    na (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • jīvati -
  • jīvat (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    jīvat (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
    jīv -> jīvat (participle, masculine)
    [locative single from √jīv class 1 verb]
    jīv -> jīvat (participle, neuter)
    [locative single from √jīv class 1 verb]
    jīv (verb class 1)
    [present active third single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 2.11

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 2.11 in Gujarati sript:
દાનોપભોગ-રહિતા દિવસા યસ્ય યાન્તિ વૈ ।
સ કર્મ-કાર-ભસ્ત્રેવ શ્વસન્ન્ અપિ ન જીવતિ ॥ ૧૧ ॥

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