Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.9.54
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.9.54:
युगपद्वर्तमानत्वं तद्धर्मा प्रतिपद्यते ।
केषांचिद्वर्तमानत्वाच्चैति तद्वदतीतताम् ॥ ५४ ॥yugapadvartamānatvaṃ taddharmā pratipadyate |
keṣāṃcidvartamānatvāccaiti tadvadatītatām || 54 ||54. The qualified (taddharma), according to some, becomes the present at the same time. Having become present, it similarly becomes the past also.
Commentary
[So far, the dharmī and the dharmas have been assumed to be different. It was pointed out that the dharmī is something which persists and that the dharmas come and go or follow the three divisions of Time. But it is possible to look upon the two as identical and regard the same dharmī as acquiring three different names through its dharmas. In other words, the same thing can be looked upon as past, present and future at the same time in relation to this dharma or that, which may be past, present or future.]
The past and the present being opposites, how can both of them be present in the same thing?