Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 2.177
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 2.177:
अर्थान्तरे च यद् वृत्तं तत्प्रकृत्यन्तरं विदुः ।
तुल्यरूपं न तद् रूढावन्यस्मिन्ननुषज्यते ॥ १७७ ॥arthāntare ca yad vṛttaṃ tatprakṛtyantaraṃ viduḥ |
tulyarūpaṃ na tad rūḍhāvanyasminnanuṣajyate || 177 ||177. The same stem used in another meaning is considered to be a different one. Though it has the same form in usage, it is not reckoned the same in the other case.
Commentary
[This verse further explains the idea contained in the previous one. A separate word is applied to every separate object (pratyarthaṃ śabdaniveśaḥ). The root gam in the word go, standing for a particular kind of movement, is different from gam standing for motion in general. The root pac in taṇḍulaṃ pacati is different from the root pac in pacyate taṇḍulaḥ svayam eva because there is a difference in meaning. The two roots look alike, but they are not the same.
The Vṛtti also points out that a root must be considered to be different when it is used in a karmakartṛ formation. Even though there may be resemblance in form and meaning, there is difference also and so there is no trace of the conventional roots in the non-conventional ones and vice versa: Karmakartṛviṣayavat satyapi tulyaviṣayarūpatve'tyantabhedānna rūḍhiviṣayāṇāmarūḍhiṣvarūḍhiviṣayāṇām vā rūḍhiṣu kaścid anuṣaṅgo vidyate.].