Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 2.12.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यो ह॒त्वाहि॒मरि॑णात्स॒प्त सिन्धू॒न्यो गा उ॒दाज॑दप॒धा व॒लस्य॑ । यो अश्म॑नोर॒न्तर॒ग्निं ज॒जान॑ सं॒वृक्स॒मत्सु॒ स ज॑नास॒ इन्द्र॑: ॥
यो हत्वाहिमरिणात्सप्त सिन्धून्यो गा उदाजदपधा वलस्य । यो अश्मनोरन्तरग्निं जजान संवृक्समत्सु स जनास इन्द्रः ॥
yo hatvāhim ariṇāt sapta sindhūn yo gā udājad apadhā valasya | yo aśmanor antar agniṃ jajāna saṃvṛk samatsu sa janāsa indraḥ ||
English translation:
“He, who having destroyed Ahi, set free the seven rivers; who recovered the cows detained by Bala; who genitive rated fire in the clouds; who is invincible in battle; he, men, is Indra.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gṛtsamadaḥ śaunakaḥ [gṛtsamada śaunaka];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यः । ह॒त्वा । अहि॑म् । अरि॑णात् । स॒प्त । सिन्धू॑न् । यः । गाः । उ॒त्ऽआज॑त् । अ॒प॒ऽधा । व॒लस्य॑ । यः । अश्म॑नोः । अ॒न्तः । अ॒ग्निम् । ज॒जान॑ । स॒म्ऽवृक् । स॒मत्ऽसु॑ । सः । ज॒ना॒सः॒ । इन्द्रः॑ ॥
यः । हत्वा । अहिम् । अरिणात् । सप्त । सिन्धून् । यः । गाः । उत्आजत् । अपधा । वलस्य । यः । अश्मनोः । अन्तः । अग्निम् । जजान । सम्वृक् । समत्सु । सः । जनासः । इन्द्रः ॥
yaḥ | hatvā | ahim | ariṇāt | sapta | sindhūn | yaḥ | gāḥ | ut-ājat | apa-dhā | valasya | yaḥ | aśmanoḥ | antaḥ | agnim | jajāna | sam-vṛk | samat-su | saḥ | janāsaḥ | indraḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 2.12.3 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[verb noun]
“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“snake; lead; nāga; Nāga; ahi [word]; Vṛtra.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“free; liberate; run; let go of.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“seven; seventh.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“river; Indus; sindhu [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Vala; vala; cave.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], locative, dual, masculine
“stone; aśmarī; rock; aśman [word]; adri; mineral; piṇḍatālaka; mountain.”
[adverb]
“inside; in; antar [word]; midmost; between; among.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], locative, plural
“conflict; strife.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], vocative, plural, masculine
“people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”