Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.23.5
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ऋ॒तेन॒ यावृ॑ता॒वृधा॑वृ॒तस्य॒ ज्योति॑ष॒स्पती॑ । ता मि॒त्रावरु॑णा हुवे ॥
ऋतेन यावृतावृधावृतस्य ज्योतिषस्पती । ता मित्रावरुणा हुवे ॥
ṛtena yāv ṛtāvṛdhāv ṛtasya jyotiṣas patī | tā mitrāvaruṇā huve ||
English translation:
“I invoke Mitra and Varuṇa, who with true speech, are the encouragers of pious acts, and are lords of true lighṭ”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Mitra and Varuṇa are among the eights sons of Aditi, Ādityas]. [ṛtasya jyotiṣas-pati: śrutyantare cāṣṭau putrāso aditeḥ ityupakramya mitraśca varuṇaśca ityādikam āmnātam (Taittirīya Āraṇyaka 1.13.2-3)
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): medhātithiḥ kāṇvaḥ [medhātithi kāṇva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): mitrāvaruṇau ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ऋ॒तेन॑ । यौ । ऋ॒त॒ऽवृधौ॑ । ऋ॒तस्य॑ । ज्योति॑षः । पती॒ इति॑ । ता । मि॒त्रावरु॑णा । हु॒वे॒ ॥
ऋतेन । यौ । ऋतवृधौ । ऋतस्य । ज्योतिषः । पती इति । ता । मित्रावरुणा । हुवे ॥
ṛtena | yau | ṛta-vṛdhau | ṛtasya | jyotiṣaḥ | patī iti | tā | mitrāvaruṇā | huve
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.23.5 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“sincere.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“light; star; luminosity; fire; jyotis [word]; digestion; planet; light; sunlight.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“husband; overlord; king; deity; īśvara; ruler; pati [word]; commanding officer; leader; owner; mayor; lord.”
[noun], accusative, dual, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], accusative, dual, masculine
“Varuna; Mitra.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“raise; call on; call; summon.”