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Hitopadesha [sanskrit]
8,857 words
The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.
Verse 2.27
प्रणमत्य् उन्नति-हेतोर् जीवित-हेतोर् विमुञ्चति प्राणान् ।
दुःखीयति सुख-हेतोः को मूढः सेवकाद् अन्यः ॥ २७ ॥
praṇamaty unnati-hetor jīvita-hetor vimuñcati prāṇān |
duḥkhīyati sukha-hetoḥ ko mūḍhaḥ sevakād anyaḥ || 27 ||
The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 2.27 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:
Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (2.27). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.
Unnati, Hetu, Jivita, Vimuncati, Prana, Duhkhin, Duhkhi, Iyat, Sukha, Kah, Mudha, Sevaka, Ani,
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 2.27). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “praṇamaty unnati-hetor jīvita-hetor vimuñcati prāṇān ”
- Cannot analyse praṇamaty*un
- unnati -
-
unnati (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb]unnatī (noun, masculine)[adverb]unnatī (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb], [vocative single]unnatī (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
- hetor -
-
hetu (noun, masculine)[ablative single], [genitive single]
- jīvita -
-
jīvita (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]jīvita (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]√jīv -> jīvita (participle, masculine)[vocative single from √jīv class 1 verb]√jīv -> jīvita (participle, neuter)[vocative single from √jīv class 1 verb]
- hetor -
-
hetu (noun, masculine)[ablative single], [genitive single]
- vimuñcati -
-
vimuñcati (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb]vimuñcati (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb]vimuñcati (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
- prāṇān -
-
prāṇa (noun, masculine)[accusative plural]
- Line 2: “duḥkhīyati sukha-hetoḥ ko mūḍhaḥ sevakād anyaḥ ”
- duḥkhī -
-
duḥkhin (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single]duḥkhin (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]duḥkhī (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb]duḥkhī (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]duḥkhī (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
- iyati -
-
iyat (noun, masculine)[locative single]iyat (noun, neuter)[locative single]
- sukha -
-
sukha (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]sukha (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- hetoḥ -
-
hetu (noun, masculine)[ablative single], [genitive single]
- ko* -
-
kaḥ (indeclinable interrogative)[indeclinable interrogative]ka (noun, masculine)[nominative single]kaḥ (pronoun, masculine)[nominative single]
- mūḍhaḥ -
-
mūḍha (noun, masculine)[nominative single]√muh -> mūḍha (participle, masculine)[nominative single from √muh class 4 verb]
- sevakād -
-
sevaka (noun, masculine)[adverb], [ablative single]sevaka (noun, neuter)[adverb], [ablative single]
- anyaḥ -
-
anī (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]
Other editions:
Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 2.27
The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)
Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Buy now!
Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)
[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad
Buy now!Preview of verse 2.27 in Gujarati sript:
પ્રણમત્ય્ ઉન્નતિ-હેતોર્ જીવિત-હેતોર્ વિમુઞ્ચતિ પ્રાણાન્ ।
દુઃખીયતિ સુખ-હેતોઃ કો મૂઢઃ સેવકાદ્ અન્યઃ ॥ ૨૭ ॥