Buddha-Carita [sanskrit]

by E. B. Cowell | 2003 | 11,474 words | ISBN-10: 8187418788 | ISBN-13: 9788187418788

The Buddha Carita (Saddharma-pundarika) by Asvaghosa a famous Sanskrit text revolving around the live and exploits of the Buddha. The Buddha Carita (Buddhacarita) is written in the style of a Kavya (or Mahakavya, epic poetry) and extant original Sanskrit text consists of roughly 1,000 metrical verses.

Verse 2.11

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नाशे वधो बन्धुषु नाप्यदाता नैवाव्रतो नानृतिको न हिंस्रः ।
आसीत्तदा कश्चन तस्य राज्ये राज्ञो ययातेरिव नाहुषस्य ॥ ११ ॥

nāśe vadho bandhuṣu nāpyadātā naivāvrato nānṛtiko na hiṃsraḥ |
āsīttadā kaścana tasya rājye rājño yayāteriva nāhuṣasya || 11 ||

There was no ruin nor murder,—nay, there was not even one ungenerous to his kinsmen, no breaker of obligations, none untruthful nor injurious,—as in the days of Yayati the son of Nahusha.
English translation by E. B. Cowell (2003) Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (2.11). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Nasha, Vadha, Bandhu, Nabh, Yada, Yad, Tas, Naiva, Avrata, Kah, Himsra, Tada, Cana, Tad, Rajya, Rajan, Yayati, Iva, Nahusha,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Buddha-carita Verse 2.11). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “nāśe vadho bandhuṣu nāpyadātā naivāvrato nānṛtiko na hiṃsraḥ ”
nāśe -
nāśa (noun, masculine)

[locative single]
vadho* -
vadhar (noun, neuter)

[adverb]

vadha (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
bandhuṣu -
bandhu (noun, masculine)

[locative plural]

bandhū (noun, neuter)

[locative plural]
nāp -
nābh (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]
yadā -
yadā (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

yadā (indeclinable relative)

[indeclinable relative]

yadā (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

yad (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]
tā* -
ta (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

tā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]

tas (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

sā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [accusative plural]
naivā -
naiva (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
avrato* -
avrata (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
nān -
na (noun, masculine)

[accusative plural]
ṛti -
ṛti (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

ṛti (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]
ko* -
kaḥ (indeclinable interrogative)

[indeclinable interrogative]

ka (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

kaḥ (pronoun, masculine)

[nominative single]
na -
na (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

na (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

na (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
hiṃsraḥ -
hiṃsra (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
Line 2: “āsīttadā kaścana tasya rājye rājño yayāteriva nāhuṣasya ”
āsīt -
√ās (verb class 2)

[aorist active third single], [injunctive active third single]

√as (verb class 2)

[imperfect active third single]
tadā -
tadā (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

tadā (indeclinable correlative)

[indeclinable correlative]

tadā (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

tadā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
kaś -
kaḥ (indeclinable interrogative)

[indeclinable interrogative]

ka (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

kaḥ (pronoun, masculine)

[nominative single]
cana -
cana (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

cana (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

cana (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√can (verb class 1)

[imperative active second single]
tasya -
√tas -> tasya (absolutive)

[absolutive from √tas]

ta (noun, masculine)

[genitive single]

ta (noun, neuter)

[genitive single]

tad (noun, neuter)

[genitive single]

sa (noun, masculine)

[genitive single]

√tas (verb class 4)

[imperative active second single]
rājye -
rājya (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

rājya (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

rājyā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

√rāj -> rājya (participle, masculine)

[locative single from √rāj class 1 verb], [locative single from √rāj]

√rāj -> rājya (participle, neuter)

[nominative dual from √rāj class 1 verb], [vocative dual from √rāj class 1 verb], [accusative dual from √rāj class 1 verb], [locative single from √rāj class 1 verb], [nominative dual from √rāj], [vocative dual from √rāj], [accusative dual from √rāj], [locative single from √rāj]

√rāj -> rājyā (participle, feminine)

[nominative dual from √rāj class 1 verb], [vocative single from √rāj class 1 verb], [vocative dual from √rāj class 1 verb], [accusative dual from √rāj class 1 verb], [nominative dual from √rāj], [vocative single from √rāj], [vocative dual from √rāj], [accusative dual from √rāj]

√rāj (verb class 1)

[present passive first single]

√rāj (verb class 0)

[present passive first single]
rājño* -
rājan (noun, masculine)

[accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]
yayāter -
yayāti (noun, masculine)

[ablative single], [genitive single]
iva -
iva (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

iva (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
nāhuṣasya -
nāhuṣa (noun, masculine)

[genitive single]

nāhuṣa (noun, neuter)

[genitive single]