Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.6.23
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.6.23:
अन्तःकरणधर्मो वा बहिरेवं प्रकाशते ।
अस्यां त्वन्तर्बहिर्भावः प्रक्रियायां न विद्यते ॥ २३ ॥antaḥkaraṇadharmo vā bahirevaṃ prakāśate |
asyāṃ tvantarbahirbhāvaḥ prakriyāyāṃ na vidyate || 23 ||23. It is an internal function (dharma) which appears to be external. Or rather, according to this mode of thought, there is neither internal nor external.
Commentary
It is now stated that Dik is something internal.
[Read verse 23 above]
[According to those who hold that it is an internal function, the universe is manifested within the consciousness itself, though on account of an eternal metaphysical limitation, it appears to be external to it. Dik is in the same position. It is something which exists within. There is nothing corresponding to it outside. In fact, notions of internal ana external are relative. In reality, there is neither the one nor the other. Notions such as prior and posterior proceed from avidyā’. There is no such thing as Dik as an external entity.]
It is now stated that it is really useless to discuss whether Dik is one or many.