Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.40.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ता हि मध्यं॒ भरा॑णामिन्द्रा॒ग्नी अ॑धिक्षि॒तः । ता उ॑ कवित्व॒ना क॒वी पृ॒च्छ्यमा॑ना सखीय॒ते सं धी॒तम॑श्नुतं नरा॒ नभ॑न्तामन्य॒के स॑मे ॥
ता हि मध्यं भराणामिन्द्राग्नी अधिक्षितः । ता उ कवित्वना कवी पृच्छ्यमाना सखीयते सं धीतमश्नुतं नरा नभन्तामन्यके समे ॥
tā hi madhyam bharāṇām indrāgnī adhikṣitaḥ | tā u kavitvanā kavī pṛcchyamānā sakhīyate saṃ dhītam aśnutaṃ narā nabhantām anyake same ||
English translation:
“They two, Indra and Agni, are present in the midst of battles; do you two, leaders of rites, who are reallysages, when solicited (by the wise), accept the offering (from him) who seeks your friendship; may all ouradversaries perish.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nābhākaḥ kāṇvaḥ [nābhāka kāṇva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāgnī ;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭtriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ता । हि । मध्य॑म् । भरा॑णाम् । इ॒न्द्रा॒ग्नी इति॑ । अ॒धि॒ऽक्षि॒तः । ता । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । क॒वि॒ऽत्व॒ना । क॒वी इति॑ । पृ॒च्छ्यमा॑ना । स॒खी॒ऽय॒ते । सम् । धी॒तम् । अ॒श्नु॒त॒म् । नरा॑ । नभ॑न्ताम् । अ॒न्य॒के । स॒मे॒ ॥
ता । हि । मध्यम् । भराणाम् । इन्द्राग्नी इति । अधिक्षितः । ता । ऊँ इति । कवित्वना । कवी इति । पृच्छ्यमाना । सखीयते । सम् । धीतम् । अश्नुतम् । नरा । नभन्ताम् । अन्यके । समे ॥
tā | hi | madhyam | bharāṇām | indrāgnī iti | adhi-kṣitaḥ | tā | oṃ iti | kavi-tvanā | kavī iti | pṛcchyamānā | sakhī-yate | sam | dhītam | aśnutam | narā | nabhantām | anyake | same
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.40.3 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“midst; center; cavity; inside; middle; center; waist; group; pulp; torso; time interval; area; series; madhya [word]; Madhya; noon; middle; middle age; span; belly.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“battle; weight; foray; bhṛ; load.”
[noun], masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[verb], dual, Present indikative
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”
[verb noun], nominative, dual
“ask; ask; ask; consult; interrogate.”
[verb noun], dative, singular
“befriend.”
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“think; desire; chew over.”
[verb], dual, Present imperative
“get; reach; enter (a state).”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
[verb], plural, Present imperative
“burst.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“other; another(a).”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“like; like; alike(p); level; symmetrical; balanced; average; same; regular; impartial; imperturbable; even; sama [word]; every(a); accurate; identical; fair; equal; synonymous; changeless; whole; exact; calm; straight; even; wide.”