Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.144.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
युयू॑षत॒: सव॑यसा॒ तदिद्वपु॑: समा॒नमर्थं॑ वि॒तरि॑त्रता मि॒थः । आदीं॒ भगो॒ न हव्य॒: सम॒स्मदा वोळ्हु॒र्न र॒श्मीन्त्सम॑यंस्त॒ सार॑थिः ॥
युयूषतः सवयसा तदिद्वपुः समानमर्थं वितरित्रता मिथः । आदीं भगो न हव्यः समस्मदा वोळ्हुर्न रश्मीन्त्समयंस्त सारथिः ॥
yuyūṣataḥ savayasā tad id vapuḥ samānam arthaṃ vitaritratā mithaḥ | ād īm bhago na havyaḥ sam asmad ā voḻhur na raśmīn sam ayaṃsta sārathiḥ ||
English translation:
“The two (priests, the hotī and adhvaryu), of equal honour, and alike assiduous, labouring mutually for a common object, combine the form of Agni (with their respective functions); whereupon he to whom the oblation is to be offered, collects the drops (of clarified butter), as Bhaga (accepts the worship of all), or as a charioteer (gathers the reins of the horses) that draw (the car).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The two priests: or the two, in both this and the next hymn, may refer to the husband and wife associated in the performance of the sacrifice; as a charioteer gathers: the comparison is justified by raśmin = rays of light or reins and also, streams of butter spreading like rays
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
युयू॑षतः । सऽव॑यसा । तत् । इत् । वपुः॑ । स॒मा॒नम् । अर्थ॑म् । वि॒ऽतरि॑त्रता । मि॒थः । आद्त् । ईम् । भगः॑ । न । हव्यः॑ । सम् । अ॒स्मत् । आ । वोळ्हुः॑ । न । र॒श्मीन् । सम् । अ॒यं॒स्त॒ । सार॑थिः ॥
युयूषतः । सवयसा । तत् । इत् । वपुः । समानम् । अर्थम् । वितरित्रता । मिथः । आद्त् । ईम् । भगः । न । हव्यः । सम् । अस्मत् । आ । वोळ्हुः । न । रश्मीन् । सम् । अयंस्त । सारथिः ॥
yuyūṣataḥ | sa-vayasā | tat | it | vapuḥ | samānam | artham | vi-taritratā | mithaḥ | ādt | īm | bhagaḥ | na | havyaḥ | sam | asmat | ā | voḷhuḥ | na | raśmīn | sam | ayaṃsta | sārathiḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.144.3 English analysis of grammar]
[verb], dual, Present indikative
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“body; form; miracle; human body; beauty; look; spectacle; figure; embodiment.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“like; identical; common; like; alike(p); same; samāna [word]; akin(p); comparable; identical; mutual; equal.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“for; meaning; purpose; sense; wealth; object of sense; matter; aim; money; message; object; artha [word]; wealth; function; content; topic; property; situation; reason; affair; concern; reason; enterprise; reason; cause; five; application; application.”
[verb noun], nominative, dual
[adverb]
“together; mutually; alternately.”
[adverb]
“then.”
[adverb]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Bhaga; vulva; good fortune; vagina; bhaga [word]; sun; well-being; happiness; overlord.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“raise; call on; call; summon.”
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[noun], ablative, plural
“I; mine.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“charioteer.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“beam; rein; sunbeam; shininess; cord.”
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[verb], singular, Athematic s aor. (Ind.)
“concentrate; grant; restrain; cause; control; offer; cover; raise.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“charioteer; sārathi [word].”