Tamas, Tamāṣ, Tāmāṣ: 27 definitions
Introduction:
Tamas means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi, biology, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Tamas has 27 English definitions available.
The Sanskrit terms Tamāṣ and Tāmāṣ can be transliterated into English as Tamas or Tamash, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
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Sanskrit dictionary
[Deutsch Wörterbuch]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Böhtlingk and Roth Grosses Petersburger WörterbuchTamas (तमस्):—n.
1) Finsterniss, Dunkel [das 1, 7.] [Amarakoṣa 1, 2, 1, 3. 3, 4, 17, 105. 30, 233.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 155.] [Anekārthasaṃgraha 2, 581.] [Medinīkoṣa s. 23.] Auch pl. atāriṣma.tamasaspā.ama.ya [Ṛgveda 1, 183, 6.] agūha.tamo.vyacakṣaya.svaḥ [2, 24, 3. 3, 5, 1.] jyotirvṛṇīta.tamaso vijā.an [39, 7. 4, 51, 2. 7, 75, 1.] raja.tamo.mopa gā.mā pra meṣṭhāḥ [Atharvavedasaṃhitā 8, 2, 1. 24. 9, 2, 17.] tama āsī.tamasā gū.ahamagre prake.aṃ sali.aṃ sarvamā i.am [Ṛgveda 10, 129, 3.] nāharāsīnna rātrirāsītso sminnandhe tamasi prāsarpat [Pañcaviṃśabrāhmaṇa 16, 1.] [The Śatapathabrāhmaṇa 1, 9, 2, 35. 2, 4, 2, 5.] tamobhyaye bei Einbruch der Dunkelheit [Kātyāyana’s Śrautasūtrāṇi 4, 15, 13.] putreṇa pitaro tyāyanbahulaṃ tamaḥ [Aitareyabrāhmaṇa 7, 13.] vanaṃ ghoreṇa tamasā vṛtam [Sāvitryupākhyāna 5, 76.] ekaścandrastamo hanti [Prooemium im Hitopadeśa 16.] [Śākuntala 111.] tamasi prasṛte [Geschichte des Vidūṣaka 36.] tamasyandhe [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 5, 6, 12.] tamo ndham [?1, 2, 3. 4, 19, 34. pl. Ṛgveda 2, 17, 4. 23, 2. 40, 2.] ti.astamāṃsi darśa.aḥ [3, 27, 13. 5, 80, 5.] carmeva.yaḥ sa.avivya.tamāṃsi [7, 63, 1. 78, 2.] [Atharvavedasaṃhitā 2, 25, 5. 9, 5, 1.] aruṇa stamasāṃ vibhettā [Śākuntala 163.] sūcibhedyaistamobhiḥ [Meghadūta 38.] Vom Dunkel in der Hölle, von der Hölle selbst und auch Bez. einer best. Hölle: tamasyandhe kilviṣī narakaṃ vrajet [Manu’s Gesetzbuch 8, 94.] tādṛśaṃ phalamāpnoti kuputraiḥ saṃtaraṃstamaḥ [9, 161.] dharmeṇa hi sahāyena tamastarati dustaraṃ [4, 242.] so saṃvṛtaṃ nāma tamaḥ saha tenaiva majjati [81.] tathānyastu tamo nāma so tiśītaḥ svabhāvataḥ . mahārauravaddīrghastathā sa tamasā vṛtaḥ .. [Mārkāṇḍeyapurāṇa 12, 10.] [Viṣṇupurāṇa 207.] —
2) die bei Finsternissen eintretende Verdunkelung des Mondes oder der Sonne; personif. Rāhu (der aufsteigende Knoten) [Amarakoṣa 1, 1, 2, 28. 3, 4, 30, 233.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 121.] [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] āviveśopasargastaṃ tamaḥ sūryamivāsuram [Daśaratha’s Tod 1, 2.] savyagate tamasi [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 5, 44.] [BṚH. 2, 5.] [Sūryasiddhānta 4, 5. 6, 11. 19.] Nach [Medinīkoṣa] (wo vā nā st. bālā zu lesen ist) und [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi,] [Scholiast] auch m. Vgl. tamogu . —
3) die über den Geist ausgebreitete Finsterniss, Irrthum, Verblendung, Wahn: (niḥ) ma.hono hṛ.o varatha.tamāṃsi [Ṛgveda 5, 31, 9.] munisutāpraṇayasmṛtirodhinā mama ca muktamidaṃ tamasā manaḥ [Śākuntala 135.] smṛtibhinnamohatamasaḥ (me) [181. 183.] bhartaryapetatamasi [191.] yena tamaścājñānajaṃ bhinnam [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher], Einl. ninye tamasi hāsyatām [Rājataraṅgiṇī 5, 144.] Eine der fünf Formen der avidyā im Sāṃkhya [Mahābhārata 14, 1019.] [SĀṂKHYAK. 48.] [Sânkhya Philosophy 34.] [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 3, 12, 2. 20, 18.] [Viṣṇupurāṇa 34.] [Mārkāṇḍeyapurāṇa 47, 15.] = pāpa Sünde [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 1381.] [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] = śoka Trauer [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 3, 3, 445.] [Medinīkoṣa] —
4) Finsterniss, Irrthum, Unwissenheit als eine der drei Grundeigenschaften alles Seienden (s. guṇa 1, g, β) [Amarakoṣa 1, 1, 4, 7. 3, 4, 30, 233.] [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] sattvaṃ rajastamaścaiva trīnvidyādātmano guṇān [Manu’s Gesetzbuch 12, 24.] sattvaṃ jñānaṃ tamo jñānaṃ rāgadveṣau rajaḥ smṛtam [25.] tamaso lakṣaṇaṃ kāmaḥ [38.] guru varaṇakameva tamaḥ [SĀṂKHYAK. 13. 54.] [Sânkhya Philosophy 25.] [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 69, 9.] [LAGHUJ. 4, 1. fg.] [BṚH. 2, 7.] —
5) Nomen proprium eines Nachkömmlings von Gṛtsamada, eines Sohnes des Śravas und Vaters des Prakāśa; nom. tamaḥ, gen. tamasaḥ [Mahābhārata 13, 2002.] Nomen proprium eines Sohnes des Pṛthuśravas und Vaters des Uśanas [Viṣṇupurāṇa 420.] — Das Wort geht wohl auf tam zurück: die Finsterniss erscheint als eine Hemmung des allgemeinen Lebens. Vgl. timira .
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Tamas (तमस्):—
2) Rāhu [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka 2, 3.] [Weber’s Indische Studien 10, 175.] —
3) nāsti śokasamaṃ tamaḥ [Spr. 3024.] — Vgl. mahā .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Sanskrit-Wörterbuch in kürzerer FassungTamas (तमस्):—n. —
1) Sg. und Pl. Finsterniss , Dunkel. tamaḥ praṇitaḥ so v.a. des Augenlichtes beraubt [Ṛgveda (roth). 1,117,17.] —
2) das Dunkel der Hölle , Hölle und eine best. Hölle [Wilson's Uebersetzung des Viṣṇupurāṇa ,6,4.] —
3) Beiname Rāhu’s , des Sonne und Mond verfinsternden Dämons. Nach den Lexicographen auch m. —
4) die über den Geist ausgebreitete Finsterniss , Irrthum , Verblendung , Wahn. —
5) Finsterniss , Irrthum , Unwissenheit als eine der drei Grundeigenschaften alles Seienden. —
6) im Sāṃkhya eine der fünf Formen der Avidyā. —
7) *Sünde. —
8) *Trauer. —
9) Nomen proprium eines Sohnes des Śravas , des Pṛthuśravas ([Viṣṇupurāṇa 4,12,2]) und des Dakṣa ([VP.².1,103]).
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+61): Tamahkalpa, Tamahkanda, Tamahprabha, Tamahpravesha, Tamahsundari, Tamasa, Tamasagara, Tamasagarti, Tamasaguna, Tamasaguni, Tamasahamkara, Tamasaketu, Tamasakilaka, Tamasakrita, Tamasalina, Tamasamanvantara, Tamasasarga, Tamasatapahshila, Tamasavana, Tamashabina.
Ends with (+2): Ajnanatamas, Andhatamas, Apantaratamas, Atamas, Atmatamas, Dhvastatamas, Dirghatamas, Ghritsatamas, Gritsatamas, Kshinatamas, Madhyatamas, Mahatamas, Mohatamas, Nistamas, Paratamas, Prakatitahatasheshatamas, Samtamas, Santamas, Stokatamas, Uttamas.
Full-text (+350): Tamasa, Guna, Tama, Tamoguna, Tamasika, Tamastati, Rajastamaska, Vitamas, Tamojyotis, Tamovikara, Tamobhuta, Tamoghna, Apantaratamas, Prakriti, Avatamasa, Rajastamomaya, Tamovant, Kshinatamas, Tamaska, Tamobhid.
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Search found 150 books and stories containing Tamas, Tamaas, Tamāṣ, Tāmāṣ, Tamash; (plurals include: Tamases, Tamaases, Tamāṣs, Tāmāṣs, Tamashes). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Jivanandana of Anandaraya Makhin (Study) (by G. D. Jayalakshmi)
Basic Principles of Āyurveda < [Chapter 4 - Āyurvedic principles in Jīvanandana Nāṭaka]
Analysis of Smṛti and Śraddhā < [Chapter 6 - Dramatic aspects of the Jīvanandana Nāṭaka]
The inborn enemies of Jīva < [Chapter 5 - Advaitic principles in Jīvanandana Nāṭaka]
Jnaneshwari (Bhavartha Dipika) (by Ramchandra Keshav Bhagwat)
Verse 14.9-10 < [Chapter 14 - Gunatraya-vibhaga-yoga]
Verse 17.3 < [Chapter 17 - Shraddha-traya-vibhaga-yoga]
Verse 17.13 < [Chapter 17 - Shraddha-traya-vibhaga-yoga]
Samkhya thoughts in the Mahabharata (by Shini M.V.)
Triguṇa (the three Guṇas) in the Śāntiparva < [Chapter 4 - Sāṃkhya thoughts in the Śānti-parva of Mahābhārata]
Introduction to Sāṃkhya Darśana < [Chapter 1 - Introduction]
Principles in Yoga Philosophy < [Chapter 3 - The Philosophical Tenets in the Śānti-parva]
Siddhanta Sangraha of Sri Sailacharya (by E. Sowmya Narayanan)
Chapter 8 - The theory that gold, gem, etc., belongs to earth
Contribution of Vachaspati-Mishra to Samkhya System (by Sasikumar. B)
Chapter 3.3b - Guṇas (sattva, rajas and tamas) in Sāṅkhya
Chapter 3.3c - The Theory of Pariṇāmavāda (the doctrine of evolution)
The Devi Bhagavata Purana (by Swami Vijñanananda)
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